Lymphedema is the collection of extra fluid in the soft tissues, resulting in swelling. It may occur unilaterally or bilaterally (in both arms and legs). It is a progressive condition.

 

 

CAUSES:

 

• Removal of lymph nodes due to tumor

(cancer) surgery.

• Blockage in the lymphatic system, which

prevents drainage of lymph fluidresulting in

swelling due to buildup of fluid.

• Trauma, burns, radiation therapy,

infection.

• Filariasis. 

 

SYMPTOMS:

 

• Distal swelling in extremities ( unilateral or

bilateral )

• Skin changes

• Heaviness in the limb

• Restricted mobility in the joints

• Pain in the joints

• Fibrosis( hardening and thickening ) of

skin 

 

TYPES:

 

• Primary lymphedema – Also known as

congenital lymphedema. It is rare.

• Secondary lymphedema – occurs as a

result of other conditions that affect the lymphatic system. 

 

STAGES:

 

Depending on the severity, it is divided into the following stages:

• Stage 0 – latent phase

• Stage 1 – Mild phase

• Stage 2 – Moderate phase 

• Stage 3 – Severe phase 

 

DIAGNOSIS:

 

 Imaging techniques used to have looked at the

lymphatic system –

• Lymphoscintigraphy scan – In this scan, a

dye is injected into the lymphatic system

• MRI

• CT Scan

• Ultrasonography scan 

 

PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT:

 

                Following a healthy lifestyle (balanced diet + exercises) can help to reduce fluid collection by stimulating the flow of lymph.

 

                Physiotherapy helps in reducing the symptoms. In our rehabilitation center we design personalized protocol for clients depending on the severity:

 

• Exercises – helps to enhance lymphatic

return 

• Low-level laser therapy

• Manual lymphatic drainage techniques

• Kinesio-taping 

• Compression bandage 

• Stockings 

• Positioning – helps the lymph to drain

• Elevation of the affected limb 

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